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1 applied mining geology
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > applied mining geology
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2 applied mining geology
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > applied mining geology
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3 applied mining geology
Англо-русский словарь нефтегазовой промышленности > applied mining geology
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4 applied mining geology
Нефть: горнопромышленная геологияУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > applied mining geology
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5 applied mining geology
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6 geology
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2) геология, геологическое строение•- geology of mineral resources
- geology of petroleum
- geology of sea
- applied geology
- applied mining geology
- areal geology
- caustobiolith geology
- engineering geology
- economical geology
- expected geology
- exploration geology
- local geology
- marine geology
- oil geology
- oil-and-gas geology
- oil-field geology
- petroleum geology
- physical geology
- practical geology
- regional geology
- satellite geology
- sedimentary geology
- space geology
- structural geology
- submarine geology
- subsurface geology
- surface geology
- tectonic geology
- uniform geology* * *• геология• строение -
7 geology
геология
geology of the Paleolithic геология палеолита
agricultural geology агрогеология, сельскохозяйственная геология
applied geology прикладная геология
areal geology региональная геология, геология опре делённого района
armchair geology кабинетная геология
bedrock geology геология коренных пород
coastal geology геология побережий
dynamic geology динамическая [физическая] геология
economic geology экономическая геология
engineering geology инженерная геология
environmental geology геология окружающей среды
epeirogenic geology эпейрогеническая геология
experimental structural geology экспериментальная структурная геология
exploration geology поисковая геология
extraterrestrial geology внеземная геология
geomorphic geology геоморфология
geotectonic geology геотектоника
glacial geology ледниковая геология
groundwater geology гидрогеология (наука о подземных водах)
hard-rock geology геология твёрдых пород
highway geology отрасль инженерной геологии, занимающаяся проектированием и строительством шоссейных дорог, также уходом за ними
historical geology историческая геология
igneous geology геология изверженных пород
krystic geology гляциология
lunar geology лунная геология
marine geology морская геология
military geology военная геология
mining geology рудничная геология, геология рудных месторождений
oil geology геология нефти
oil-field geology нефтепромысловая геология
ore geology рудничная геология, геология рудных месторождений
orogenic geology орогеническая геология
petroleum geology нефтяная геология, геология нефти
physical geology физическая геология
physicochemical geology физико-химическая геология
physiographic geology физико-географическая геология
planetary geology планетарная геология, геология планет
practical geology прикладная геология
quaternary geology геология четвертичных отложений, четвертичная геология
reconnaissance geology рекогносцировочная геология
regional geology региональная геология
scenographical geology геология природных ландшафтов
soft-rock geology геология рыхлых отложений
space geology космическая геология; астрогеология
stratigraphic geology стратиграфическая геология
structural geology структурная геология
submarine geology геологическая океанография
submask geology геология погребённых структур
subsurface geology подземная геология; рудничная геология
surface geology геология поверхности
surficial geology геология поверхностных отложений и пород
tectonic geology геотектоника; тектоника
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8 горнопромышленная геология
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > горнопромышленная геология
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9 Garforth, William Edward
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]b. 1845 Dukinfield, Cheshire, Englandd. 1 October 1921 Pontefract, Yorkshire, England[br]English colliery manager, pioneer in machine-holing and the safety of mines.[br]After Menzies conceived his idea of breaking off coal with machines in 1761, many inventors subsequently followed his proposals through into the practice of underground working. More than one century later, Garforth became one of the principal pioneers of machine-holing combined with the longwall method of working in order to reduce production costs and increase the yield of coal. Having been appointed agent to Pope \& Pearson's Collieries, West Yorkshire, in 1879, of which company he later became Managing Director and Chairman, he gathered a great deal of experience with different methods of cutting coal. The first disc machine was exhibited in London as early as 1851, and ten years later a pick machine was invented. In 1893 he introduced an improved type of deep undercutting machine, his "diamond" disc coal-cutter, driven by compressed air, which also became popular on the European continent.Besides the considerable economic advantages it created, the use of machinery for mining coal increased the safety of working in hard and thin seams. The improvement of safety in mining technology was always his primary concern, and as a result of his inventions and his many publications he became the leading figure in the British coal mining industry at the beginning of the twentieth century; safety lamps still carry his name. In 1885 he invented a firedamp detector, and following a severe explosion in 1886 he concentrated on coal-dust experiments. From the information he obtained of the effect of stone-dust on a coal-dust explosion he proposed the stone-dust remedy to prevent explosions of coal-dust. As a result of discussions which lasted for decades and after he had been entrusted with the job of conducting the British coal-dust experiments, in 1921 an Act made it compulsory in all mines which were not naturally wet throughout to treat all roads with incombustible dust so as to ensure that the dust always consisted of a mixture containing not more than 50 per cent combustible matter. In 1901 Garforth erected a surface gallery which represented the damaged roadways of a mine and could be filled with noxious fumes to test self-contained breathing apparata. This gallery formed the model from which all the rescue-stations existing nowadays have been developed.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1914. LLD Universities of Birmingham and Leeds 1912. President, Midland Institute 1892–4. President, The Institution of Mining Engineers 1911–14. President, Mining Association of Great Britain 1907–8. Chairman, Standing Committee on Mining, Advisory Council for Scientific and Industrial Research. Fellow of the Geological Society of London. North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers Greenwell Silver Medal 1907. Royal Society of Arts Fothergill Gold Medal 1910. Medal of the Institution of Mining Engineers 1914.Bibliography1901–2, "The application of coal-cutting machines to deep mining", Transactions of the Federated Institute of Mining Engineers 23: 312–45.1905–6, "A new apparatus for rescue-work in mines", Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers 31:625–57.1902, "British Coal-dust Experiments". Paper communicated to the International Congress on Mining, Metallurgy, Applied Mechanics and Practical Geology, Dusseldorf.Further ReadingGarforth's name is frequently mentioned in connection with coal-holing, but his outstanding achievements in improving safety in mines are only described in W.D.Lloyd, 1921, "Memoir", Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers 62:203–5.WKBiographical history of technology > Garforth, William Edward
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10 Lucas, Anthony Francis
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]b. 9 September 1855 Spalato, Dalmatia, Austria-Hungary (now Split, Croatia)d. 2 September 1921 Washington, DC, USA[br]Austrian (naturalized American) mining engineer who successfully applied rotary drilling to oil extraction.[br]A former Second Lieutenant of the Austrian navy (hence his later nickname "Captain") and graduate of the Polytechnic Institute of Graz, Lucas decided to stay in Michigan when he visited his relatives in 1879. He changed his original name, Lucie, into the form his uncle had adopted and became a naturalized American citizen at the age of 30. He worked in the lumber industry for some years and then became a consulting mechanical and mining engineer in Washington, DC. He began working for a salt-mining company in Louisiana in 1893 and became interested in the geology of the Mexican Gulf region, with a view to prospecting for petroleum. In the course of this work he came to the conclusion that the hills in this elevated area, being geological structures distinct from the surrounding deposits, were natural reservoirs of petroleum. To prove his unusual theory he subsequently chose Spindle Top, near Beaumont, Texas, where in 1899 he began to bore a first oil-well. A second drill-hole, started in October 1900, was put through clay and quicksand. After many difficulties, a layer of rock containing marine shells was reached. When the "gusher" came out on 10 January 1901, it not only opened up a new era in the oil and gas business, but it also led to the future exploration of the terrestrial crust.Lucas's boring was a breakthrough for the rotary drilling system, which was still in its early days although its principles had been established by the English engineer Robert Beart in his patent of 1884. It proved to have advantages over the pile-driving of pipes. A pipe with a simple cutter at the lower end was driven with a constantly revolving motion, grinding down on the bottom of the well, thus gouging and chipping its way downward. To deal with the quicksand he adopted the use of large and heavy casings successively telescoped one into the other. According to Fauvelle's method, water was forced through the pipe by means of a pump, so the well was kept full of circulating liquid during drilling, flushing up the mud. When the salt-rock was reached, a diamond drill was used to test the depth and the character of the deposit.When the well blew out and flowed freely he developed a preventer in order to save the oil and, even more importantly at the time, to shut the well and to control the oil flow. This assembly, patented in 1903, consisted of a combined system of pipes, valves and casings diverting the stream into a horizontal direction.Lucas's fame spread around the world, but as he had to relinquish the larger part of his interest to the oil company supporting the exploration, his financial reward was poor. One year after his success at Spindle Top he started oil exploration in Mexico, where he stayed until 1905, when he resumed his consulting practice in Washington, DC.[br]Bibliography1899, "Rock-salt in Louisiana", Transactions of the American Institution of Mining Engineers 29:462–74.1902, "The great oil-well near Beaumont, Texas", Transactions of the AmericanInstitution of Mining Engineers 31:362–74.Further ReadingR.S.McBeth, 1918, Pioneering the Gulf Coast, New York (a very detailed description of Lucas's important accomplishments in the development of the oil industry).R.T.Hill, 1903, "The Beaumont oil-field, with notes on other oil-fields of the Texas region", Transactions of the American Institution of Mining Engineers 33:363–405;Transactions of the American Institution of Mining Engineers 55:421–3 (contain shorter biographical notes).WK
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